Otolaryngologist, head and neck surgeon Francis T. Hall discusses the evaluation of thyroid nodules, which primarily aims to determine the likelihood of malignancy. He then reviews the treatment of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer, including recent advances in management
Get your A into G: Assess renal and cardiovascular risk
Get your A into G: Assess renal and cardiovascular risk

Pharmacist prescriber Leanne Te Karu highlights the importance of diagnosing chronic kidney disease early, which involves incorporating renal screening into cardiovascular risk assessments
Kia ora and welcome to New Zealand Doctor Rata Aotearoa
Not a subscriber? Unlock this article by subscribing here.
1. Walker C, Reid S, White C, et al. Management of chronic kidney disease for Māori in Aotearoa, New Zealand: a summary of clinical practice guidelines. N Z Med J 2024;137(1594):62–68.
2. Ortiz A, Wanner C, Gansevoort R. Chronic kidney disease as cardiovascular risk factor in routine clinical practice: a position statement by the Council of the European Renal Association. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2023;38(3):527–31.
3. Mayne KJ, Hanlon P, Lees JS. Detecting and managing the patient with chronic kidney disease in primary care: A review of the latest guidelines. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 3 May online.
4. Palmer SC, Craig JC, Navaneethan SD, et al. Benefits and harms of statin therapy for persons with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2012;157(4):263–75.
5. London Kidney Network. CKD in Primary Care: new approaches to reduce inequalities and save lives. September 2022.